Energy Policy : Germany

Reliable energy supply is essential for a well-functioning, modern economy. A secure and efficient energy supply as well as environmental protection and resource conservation are the principal objectives of the Federal Government’s energy policy as presented in its 1991 Energy Plan. This plan takes account of the profound changes in the energy sector prompted by the greenhouse effect, the reunification of Germany, the progress of European integration, and the transformations in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Since the unification of Germany, market principles and laws have been in effect throughout the country. These include stricter environmental legislation, which has resulted in the closure of some reactors in the new federal states.

The energy industry in the Federal Republic of Germany is mostly in private hands. The government’s task is to provide a suitable framework, which includes the Energy Management Act, regulations for crisis prevention and the build-up of emergency stocks, as well as laws to protect the environment.