The majority of the inhabitants of the Czech Republic (95%) are ethnically Czech and speak Czech, a member of the Slavic languages. Other ethnic groups include Germans, Roma, Hungarians, Ukrainians and Poles. After the 1993 division, some Slovaks remained in the Czech Republic and comprise roughly 2% of the current population. The border between the Czech Republic and Slovakia is open for citizens of the former Czechoslovakia.

A majority of Czechs (59%) are atheists. Significant religious groups include Roman Catholics (27%), Protestants (1.2%), Czechoslovak Hussites (1%) and Jehovah’s Witnesses (0.2%)